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Saudi Arabia exits mBridge

Saudi Arabia exits mBridge, the China-led digital currency platform, and the Saudi Central Bank describes the departure as a step fixed in advance. The Financial Times reported the withdrawal. SAMA, as the bank is known, confirmed the exit took place last year. The exit comes as Riyadh moves closer to Washington and leans on it more heavily.

SAMA set out its own timeline. It joined in 2023 as an observer, within a Bank for International Settlements programme, while studying central bank digital currency. In 2024 it helped build the platform’s first working version, the “minimum viable product”, and ran a proof of concept of its own. That test ended on 13 May 2025, on schedule, according to the bank’s account. Since then, SAMA said, it is “no longer a participating member of mBridge”.

The mBridge digital currency platform allows central banks to settle cross-border payments with one another directly, each with a digital currency of its own on a shared blockchain. Foreign exchange deals clear faster and cost less. The dollar loses some of its place as the currency in the middle of each trade. Saudi Arabia took a full role from 2024, alongside China, Hong Kong, Thailand and the United Arab Emirates, with the BIS as coordinator.

Why Washington objects, and what Riyadh says about pressure

The American objection concerns control as much as currency. Officials in Washington fear members could use the platform to bypass dollar-based networks such as SWIFT. Daleep Singh, who served as deputy national security adviser for international economics under President Biden, warned China could “exert tremendous leverage in setting the standards for this platform”. Privacy, security, interoperability and the policing of US sanctions were the four areas he named. President Donald Trump has pushed the wider argument further, threatening BRICS countries with tariffs of 100 percent if they try to replace the dollar.

The question of American pressure went to people close to the decision. One person familiar with the matter told the FT it would be “inaccurate to draw any wider inference” from the move, since the Saudi role was limited from the outset. A second person gave a different account. SAMA, this person said, no longer wished its name attached to the project in public, while it keeps a quieter form of contact with it.

A precedent exists at the BIS. The FT has reported Washington pressed the institution to leave, and it did so in October 2024. Agustín Carstens, its general manager at the time, said the BIS had “graduated out” of the project and passed it to the partner central banks. The departure, in his words, was “not because it was a failure and not because of political considerations”. Two exits, then. Saudi Arabia exits mBridge with the same explanation the BIS gave: a planned handover, with no political cause.

Saudi Arabia exits mBridge as the platform keeps growing

Saudi Arabia exits mBridge while the platform keeps adding members. The Monetary Authority of Macao joined this year and switched the system on in June, with a commercial rollout due soon. Researchers at the Atlantic Council counted 4,047 transactions worth $55.49 billion on the platform as of November 2025. The Bank of Thailand, the Central Bank of the UAE, the People’s Bank of China and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority all declined to comment.

Eswar Prasad, a Cornell University professor and senior fellow at Brookings, described the position of US partners. Many see such projects as serving their economies well, he said, and want less reliance on a financial system built around the dollar. They are also “acutely sensitive to US pushback” against anything likely to weaken the dollar, or worse, to lift China’s renminbi. Retreating from these projects, in his phrase, “puts caution ahead of valour”.

Behind the de-dollarisation debate sits a plainer question of governance. Whoever stays at the table decides the standards on privacy, sanctions compliance and access. Riyadh has given up its public seat, and its riyal stays pegged to the dollar. When Saudi Arabia exits mBridge, the rulebook remains with Beijing and the central banks still inside. Other US allies now face the same choice: help write the rules, or live with the ones others write.

Ben Affleck replaced Jennifer Garner

Ben Affleck replaced Jennifer Garner in his new Netflix film Animals, and the reason says a lot about how a real relationship can shape what happens on screen. He wanted his former wife for a major role. Then the plan changed, and both of them decided that sharing the screen could work against the film rather than for it. It is a small casting choice with clear logic, and it shows how star power and private life collide.

How the casting plan started

The Animals movie began taking shape in 2024. Back then, Matt Damon was set to lead as a mayoral candidate in Los Angeles. Affleck, who directs the picture, thought of Garner right away for the role of the character’s wife. He liked the idea because it would let her play against type, a part unlike her usual work.

A family upside came with it. Affleck and Garner share three children, so working on the same production would have let them line up schedules and keep home life steady. For two busy parents, that kind of overlap helps.

Everything shifted when Damon stepped away for other work. Coverage of the Matt Damon Animals exit points to the schedule for Christopher Nolan’s film The Odyssey. Damon stayed attached as a producer through Artists Equity, the company he runs with Affleck.

Why Ben Affleck replaced Jennifer Garner

Once Damon left, Affleck took the lead role himself. That one change reset the whole question of Garner’s casting. The clearest way to understand why Ben Affleck replaced Jennifer Garner is to look at what happened next. He and Garner talked it through, and both saw the same risk. If two former spouses played a married couple, viewers might read the marriage on screen through the marriage they remember.

Affleck framed it simply. You do not want to hand the audience their own baggage and let it push against the story. Garner agreed with him. She said it would not be a wise move for the two of them to act together under those conditions.

So Ben Affleck replaced Jennifer Garner to protect the story, not because of any doubt about her range. The pair wanted people watching the film, not tallying their private history.

Kerry Washington takes the role

The part went to Kerry Washington. In the Kerry Washington Animals casting, she plays Abigail, wife of Affleck’s character, Mark Kimball. The plot follows a couple in a corner. Their young son is taken, and they scramble to raise a ransom as secrets pile up around them. That is the setup of the Ben Affleck movie, a political thriller made for Netflix. The premise puts an ordinary marriage under extreme pressure, which is the kind of role that rewards a strong lead.

Alongside them, the cast includes Gillian Anderson and Steven Yeun. Affleck co-wrote the script with Connor O. McIntyre, with revisions from Billy Ray, and he both directs and stars for the first time since 2023. Fans also have a firm date. The Animals’ Netflix release date is October 9, 2026, when the film reaches Netflix and select theaters on the same day.

What the switch tells you

Casting is not only about who fits a part. It is also about what an audience carries into the room. When two actors share a known history, that history can lift a film or distract from it, and Affleck read the risk early. The story of how Ben Affleck replaced Jennifer Garner comes down to attention, and where he wanted the viewers to land.

He has not ruled out working with Garner down the line. Affleck called her fabulous, said the two are good friends, and made clear he would welcome a future project together. That fits what people see in Jennifer Garner and Ben Affleck now. They met on a film set in 2001 and married in 2005, having already shared the screen in earlier films. The couple split in 2015, finalized the divorce in 2018, and have kept a warm co-parenting bond since. Ben Affleck replaced Jennifer Garner in his Netflix film Animals, choosing Kerry Washington instead. Here is the real reason behind it.

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The United Arab Emirates has progressively transformed higher education from a conventional academic service into a strategic component of its economic infrastructure.

Today, universities across the UAE are developing Emirati talent, attracting international students and academics, supporting scientific research, producing advanced professional skills and strengthening the country’s ability to compete in knowledge-intensive industries.

This transformation has helped position the UAE as an increasingly attractive global destination where students can pursue internationally competitive education, experience one of the world’s most dynamic economies and, in many cases, begin their professional careers within the country.

Dubai illustrates the scale of this expansion. During the 2024–25 academic year, enrolment in private higher-education institutions regulated by the Knowledge and Human Development Authority reached 42,026 students, representing annual growth of around 20%. International students increased strongly and represented approximately 35% of total enrolment, while the sector offered more than 700 academic programmes.

The ambition extends considerably further. Dubai’s higher-education strategy aims to increase the proportion of international students, expand educational tourism and raise the sector’s contribution to the economy, demonstrating that education is increasingly being developed not only as a social investment, but also as an internationally tradable, knowledge-based economic activity.

Leadership Vision: Empowering Emirati Youth, Building Future Leaders and Advancing Sustainable Development

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The most important asset within any advanced economy is ultimately not its physical infrastructure, natural resources or financial capital alone. It is its human capital.

This principle has become deeply embedded in the UAE’s development philosophy.

Under the leadership of His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates, investment in people—and particularly in Emirati youth—remains at the heart of the nation’s long-term development direction.

The strategic importance given to youth reflects the recognition that the next phase of the UAE’s progress will depend increasingly on the ability of young Emiratis to become scientists, entrepreneurs, engineers, physicians, economists, researchers, technology specialists, policymakers and leaders of both public and private institutions.

The objective is therefore much greater than increasing university graduation rates.

It is about creating generations capable of leading the country’s transition towards a sophisticated knowledge economy.

University education consequently represents one of the most important channels through which this national ambition can be achieved.

The UAE has developed a higher-education environment that provides young Emiratis with access to federal universities, internationally recognised private institutions, specialised technological universities and branch campuses of leading global academic institutions.

This sophisticated educational landscape supports the transition from education to productivity, from knowledge to innovation and from qualifications to leadership.

The development of Emirati youth also forms an essential component of broader national strategies aimed at increasing citizens’ participation in high-value economic sectors.

The National Youth Agenda 2031, for example, seeks to strengthen young Emiratis’ participation in economic development, expand access to future-oriented academic and vocational qualifications and encourage youth-led enterprises in promising economic sectors.

This direction closely complements national employment policies designed to increase Emirati participation in technology, artificial intelligence, financial services, energy, healthcare, advanced sciences and other strategic sectors.

Universities therefore sit at the centre of a much larger economic equation.

They provide the intellectual and professional foundation upon which Emiratisation, economic diversification, entrepreneurship and national leadership development can be sustainably built.

Alongside this national direction, His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, has consistently placed education, future readiness, government innovation and human development among the foundations of the UAE’s global competitiveness.

His government’s future-focused approach has helped reinforce a model in which education is expected not only to respond to existing labour-market requirements, but to anticipate the professions, industries and technologies of tomorrow.

Artificial intelligence, digitalisation, advanced engineering, data science, sustainability, biotechnology, entrepreneurship and future government capabilities are consequently becoming increasingly embedded within the UAE’s academic landscape.

The philosophy is particularly important.

Successful university systems cannot simply educate students for jobs that exist today. They must create the knowledge and analytical capabilities required for industries that may dominate the economy ten or twenty years from now.

The country’s flagship national strategy, We the UAE 2031, reinforces this principle by identifying human capital, future skills, global talent attraction and advanced education among the foundations of national development.

The vision calls for cutting-edge education capable of developing knowledgeable, highly skilled individuals who can contribute to shaping the future, while simultaneously strengthening the UAE’s ability to attract international talent.

This creates a complementary economic model.

On one side, the UAE invests heavily in preparing Emirati youth to become the principal national source of leadership, innovation and professional capability.

On the other, it remains open to international students, researchers, professors and specialists whose knowledge strengthens the country’s wider innovation ecosystem.

This combination of national talent development and international intellectual attraction is one of the UAE higher-education system’s most significant strategic advantages.

University Education and the UN Sustainable Development Goals

The UAE’s educational agenda also has an important international dimension through its alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

The most direct connection is with SDG 4 – Quality Education, which promotes inclusive, equitable and high-quality education alongside lifelong learning opportunities.

However, the impact extends significantly beyond education itself.

Universities contribute directly to SDG 8 – Decent Work and Economic Growth by strengthening employability and productivity; SDG 9 – Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure through research and technology development; and the broader sustainability agenda through expertise in clean energy, climate science, sustainable cities, healthcare and responsible economic development.

The UAE has increasingly encouraged universities to become active participants in this sustainable-development process.

Academic research is being connected to policy priorities, while universities are encouraged to contribute practical solutions to economic, environmental and social challenges.

The collaboration between national academic institutions and sustainable-development programmes demonstrates an important evolution in the role of higher education.

A university today is not simply expected to teach.

It is expected to research, innovate, collaborate with industry, support public policy and generate measurable social and economic value.

The combined leadership vision of developing Emirati youth, attracting international knowledge and preparing society for future economic transformation has therefore made university education one of the principal instruments through which the UAE can simultaneously advance its national development agenda and contribute to global sustainable-development objectives.

Diversity, Academic Quality and Advanced Programs

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The UAE has built one of the region’s most diverse higher-education ecosystems, combining federal universities, private institutions, specialised research universities, technological colleges and international branch campuses.

Major institutions include United Arab Emirates University, Khalifa University, Zayed University, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi University, Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, New York University Abu Dhabi and Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi.

This breadth combines academic quality, specialisation, employability, research and international standards.

UAE Universities Rising in Global Academic Competition

The international rankings achieved by UAE universities provide further evidence of the sector’s development.

In the QS World University Rankings 2027, Khalifa University reached 147th globally, becoming the first UAE institution to enter the QS global top 150.

United Arab Emirates University ranked 217th, the American University of Sharjah 258th, the University of Sharjah 283rd, and Abu Dhabi University 348th globally.

These positions reflect an increasingly competitive academic environment.

Rankings are not themselves a complete assessment of university quality, but sustained improvements in research citations, academic reputation, international faculty representation, employer reputation and graduate outcomes provide useful indications of how strongly UAE universities are integrating into the global higher-education system.

The presence of international branch campuses further increases the country’s academic offering.

Students in the UAE can access institutions connected with internationally recognised universities from the United Kingdom, Australia, France, India, the United States and other countries.

The result is an educational market combining domestic academic capacity with international institutional expertise.

The Economic Return: Higher Education as a Driver of UAE 2031, D33 and Abu Dhabi Economic Vision 2030

Higher education generates value beyond tuition through employment, research and spending across housing, transport, retail, hospitality, technology and professional services. Its most important long-term contribution, however, is human-capital formation and productivity.

A highly educated workforce enables firms to adopt technology, commercialise innovation and move into higher-value sectors. This directly supports We the UAE 2031 and its ambition for talent, investment and knowledge-based growth.

The same principle underpins the Dubai Economic Agenda D33, where growth in trade, investment, technology and advanced services requires skilled professionals, and Abu Dhabi Economic Vision 2030, which emphasises a productive workforce, diversification and knowledge-intensive industries.

The strategic conclusion is clear: economic diversification cannot be sustainable without corresponding diversification in skills and knowledge.

Abu Dhabi University: A Model of Academic Development and Labor-Market Alignment

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Abu Dhabi University provides an important example of the rapid development occurring across the UAE’s higher-education sector.

Under the chairmanship of Dr Ali Saeed Bin Harmal Al Dhaheri, the university has strengthened its academic standing, expanded its programmes and reinforced its focus on employability, research and international quality standards.

The university reached 348th globally in the QS World University Rankings 2027, representing another significant improvement in its international position.

It has also achieved notable recognition across international academic assessments and has strengthened its reputation among employers.

One of its major recent achievements came through its College of Business, which achieved the highly prestigious AACSB, EQUIS and AMBA Triple Crown accreditation.

Only a small proportion of business schools internationally achieve all three accreditations, making the accomplishment particularly significant for the university and the UAE’s business-education sector.

Adding further weight to this progress, on 17 September 2026, Abu Dhabi University was awarded an overall QS Stars 5+ rating, following an independent assessment under the QS Stars methodology. Significantly, ADU achieved five stars across all nine evaluated categories: Teaching, Research, Employability, Facilities, Good Governance, Social Impact, Global Engagement, Diversity, Equity & Inclusion, and MBA Programme Strength. This broad-based recognition is particularly relevant because it evaluates institutional performance beyond conventional rankings and demonstrates strength across both academic quality and student outcomes.

The scale of ADU’s academic community further illustrates its development. The university now reports more than 10,000 students representing over 100 nationalities, 32,000 graduates and more than 65 accredited programmes, strengthening its role as an internationally diverse institution while contributing to the UAE’s objectives in talent development, innovation and the knowledge economy.

Abu Dhabi University’s importance should, however, be considered beyond ranking positions.

A fundamental strength of modern universities is their ability to translate academic education into employment outcomes and economic participation.

ADU’s career services and employer-engagement activities seek to connect students with private companies, public institutions and professional opportunities through job matching, career counselling, interview preparation, CV and LinkedIn development and employer networking.

This model reflects a wider requirement across the UAE.

Universities should not operate independently from employers.

Curriculum development, internships, professional qualifications, research and career services should continuously respond to economic transformation.

Under Dr Ali Saeed Bin Harmal Al Dhaheri’s leadership, Abu Dhabi University’s progress provides an example of how UAE-based institutions can combine academic expansion, international standards, private-sector responsiveness and national development objectives.

Its continued improvement also supports Abu Dhabi’s broader ambition to establish itself as an international centre for education, research and innovation.

Education Exhibitions: Creating a One-Stop Marketplace for Academic Opportunity

As the UAE’s university ecosystem becomes larger and more diverse, students and parents require effective platforms through which they can understand the rapidly expanding range of educational choices.

University and training exhibitions therefore play a valuable role by bringing education providers, students, families and professional-training organisations together under one roof.

An outstanding example was the Gulf Exhibition for Training & Education – Abu Dhabi 2026, held from 14 to 16 September 2026 at Manarat Al Saadiyat in Abu Dhabi and organised by Midpoint.

The event became an important educational gathering connecting young people directly with universities and academic institutions.

Approximately 60 universities and educational institutions from the UAE and internationally participated, while the exhibition attracted more than 8,000 students from government and private schools.

These numbers demonstrate the scale of demand for direct academic guidance.

For a young student approaching graduation, choosing a university can be one of the most consequential economic and professional decisions of his or her life.

Students must assess disciplines, future employment opportunities, tuition costs, scholarships, accreditation, postgraduate opportunities and career prospects.

The Gulf Exhibition helped consolidate much of this information into a one-stop educational marketplace.

Students and parents could speak directly with admissions specialists, compare universities, understand scholarship opportunities and evaluate programmes without depending exclusively on websites, advertisements or overseas education agents.

The exhibition brought together a strong representation of the UAE university sector.

Participating institutions included Liwa University, Higher Colleges of Technology, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Zayed University, University of Sharjah, University of Al Dhaid, United Arab Emirates University, American University of Sharjah, University of Kalba, Ajman University and Abu Dhabi University.

Specialised institutions and training providers also participated, including ADNOC Technical Academy and hospitality and professional education providers, alongside international universities and education organisations.

This diversity was one of the exhibition’s strongest characteristics.

Students could evaluate conventional academic degrees alongside vocational, technical and professional education pathways.

That distinction is important because future labour markets will require multiple forms of expertise.

Not every successful career requires the same academic pathway, and modern economic development increasingly depends upon technicians, programmers, hospitality professionals, engineers, healthcare specialists and skilled vocational employees alongside conventional university graduates.

From an economic perspective, exhibitions such as the Gulf Exhibition for Training & Education also help reduce information asymmetry within the education market.

Universities can communicate directly with prospective students.

Students gain clearer information about programmes and admission standards.

Parents obtain greater transparency regarding educational choices.

Scholarship providers can reach suitable candidates.

Training institutions can present alternative career routes.

International institutions can better understand UAE student demand.

The exhibition therefore performs an important function at the intersection of education supply, student demand and future workforce planning.

Its organisation in Abu Dhabi also reinforces the capital’s rapidly developing position as a centre for knowledge, culture, higher education and international academic exchange.

As university choice becomes more sophisticated, such exhibitions will increasingly form part of the infrastructure required to guide young people towards disciplines that correspond not only with their personal ambitions, but also with the UAE’s future economic requirements.

Education as Strategic Economic Infrastructure

The next phase of UAE economic development will increasingly depend not only on physical infrastructure, but on the country’s ability to develop intellectual infrastructure.

Universities sit at the heart of this challenge.

They educate Emirati youth, attract international talent, strengthen scientific research, create intellectual property, support entrepreneurship and supply the skills required by artificial intelligence, advanced manufacturing, healthcare, financial services, renewable energy, aerospace, logistics and the digital economy.

More importantly, they help transform the UAE from a destination that primarily attracts financial investment into one that also attracts knowledge, researchers, students, innovators and future leaders.

The country’s higher-education strategy can therefore be understood as the development of an integrated education–research–innovation–talent–employment ecosystem.

Its ultimate success will not be measured simply by the number of university campuses or graduates.

It will be measured by the quality of Emirati leadership emerging from those institutions, by the employability and productivity of graduates, by scientific discoveries and commercialised research, by businesses created, by international talent attracted and by the contribution universities make to the UAE’s long-term economic competitiveness.

In this sense, education represents far more than a public service.

It is strategic economic infrastructure—and one of the most important long-term investments the UAE can make in its future prosperity.

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